Commedia dell’arte characters wandered across painting, drawing, theater, and literature of different countries and eras: after Callot, Watteau and Goya, Moliere and Marivaux, Goldoni and Gozzi, Hoffmann and Tieck, they were reborn in the modern era. In 1917, Eisenstein draws his own variations of images of Pantalone, Smeraldine, and Brighella.