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Guardian of the Udege shaman’s house

Creation period

the 19th century

Place of сreation

Primorskaya Oblast, the Russian Empire

Technique

wood; carving

Collection

Khabarovsk Regional Museum named after N.I. Grod

Exhibition

Culture of Indigenous Peoples of Khabarovsk Krai

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Неизвестный мастер

Комплекс охранителей дома удэгейского шамана

The items belonging to the complex of savan guardians of the Udege shaman’s house are among the most famous ethnographic exhibits of the Khabarovsk Regional Museum named after Grodekov. They were brought to the museum by the traveler and ethnographer Vladimir Arsenyev (1872–1930) in 1911. He discovered them in the area of the Kusun River.

At the time, Vladimir Arsenyev served as director of the Grodekov Museum and led a military expedition to search for Chinese illegal immigrants who were poaching in the Ussuri taiga and expel them from the Russian Far East.

Despite the complexity of the task, he simultaneously continued to study the culture of local peoples and complete the collections of the museum. From that expedition, Vladimir Arsenyev brought back a whole complex of ritual sculpture consisting of six savans. The main of them is Mangni the protector.

Here is how Arsenyev described the find:

The dwelling of a shaman is furnished with special savans. The most prominent place is occupied by Mangni, the one whom the shaman serves and who helps the shaman in performing his rituals. He has images of metal mirrors on his chest. They reflect evil spirits approaching the house.

Mangni was traditionally hollow, symbolizing hunger. He was supposed to devour the devil. “The heart is made in the shape of a bird. It is supposed to flutter the way a bird tied by the legs does. On the side is the image of a toad — without this sign the sevohi (savan) would be a lifeless piece of wood. On the legs there are lizards (ekhellya) — symbols of swiftness of movement. The legs are supposed to move as fast as lizards run on a warm sunny day. The arms are wrapped with snakes so that they would not be brittle; the hands have six fingers.”

Mangni is armed with a spear and a sword. On his back there are “snakes, so that all his limbs would not be fragile and brittle” , on his head there is a cap with a “lo knife, with which the sevokhi hits the devil’s head with terrible force and defeats him.”

Mangni has two aides, the Ni savans. The Nakase savans, who have faces both in front and at the back, place the sacrificial food for them on the stumps. While the other savans “savor” the sacrificial food, the Nakase watch and stand guard. The presented complex is unique and has no analogues in museum collections in Russia and the world.

7.Охранитель дома удэгейского шаман осн.jpg

Guardian of the Udege shaman’s house

Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation

Guardian of the Udege shaman’s house

Creation period

the 19th century

Place of сreation

Primorskaya Oblast, the Russian Empire

Technique

wood; carving

Collection

Khabarovsk Regional Museum named after N.I. Grod

Exhibition

Culture of Indigenous Peoples of Khabarovsk Krai

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